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Term: atmosphere


Topics from Topodia matching the term "atmosphere"
Science/Astronomy/Education is for educational web sites of interest to educators, parents, students, and professionals emphasizing the teaching or learning of various aspects of astronomy or astrophysics. The best sites will try to teach or instruct about astronomy or astrophysics, although clear, easy-to-follow explanations of topics are useful as well. There are also sites here that talk about educational programs of all levels, including - but not limited to, grade school, college programs, and graduate schools.
This category lists sites that distribute information on man-made satellites.
This category contains non-commercial scientific, educational, and governmental references to biomass and biofuel. Biomass is organic non-fossil material. It comprises the mass of all biological organisms, dead or alive, excluding biological mass that has been transformed by geological processes into substances such as coal or petroleum. Solid biomass comes in different forms including what comes directly from the “producers” (grass, trees, shrubs, crop husks, etc.) and that which comes as waste from the animals that consume the producers (droppings or dung from animals and waste from humans). Biofuel is any fuel that originates from biomass. The three classes of biomass used for combustion are solid (e.g. wood, dried plants and animal waste), liquid (e.g. ethanol, methanol and vegetable oil) and gaseous (e.g. bio-methane and hydrogen). Reference: Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia

Biodiversity is not easily defined. Try What is Biodiversity? and Defining The 'B' Word for approaches with differing emphases. Below is a definition adapted from the World Resources Institute, World Conservation Union, and United Nations Environment Programme in Global Biodiversity Strategy 1992.

"Biodiversity is the totality of genes, species, and ecosystems in a region... Biodiversity can be divided into three hierarchical categories -- genes, species, and ecosystems -- that describe quite different aspects of living systems and that scientists measure in different ways.

Genetic diversity refers to the variation of genes within species. This covers distinct populations of the same species (such as the thousands of traditional rice varieties in India) or genetic variation within a populations (high among Indian rhinos, and very low among cheetahs) ...

Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region. Such diversity can be measured in many ways, and scientists have not settled on a single best method. The number of species in a region -- its species richness -- is one often- used measure, but a more precise measurement, taxonomic diversity, also considers the relationship of species to each other. For example, an island with two species of birds and one species of lizard has a greater taxonomic diversity than an island with three species of birds but no lizards ...

Ecosystem diversity is harder to measure than species or genetic diversity because the boundaries of communities -- associations of species -- and ecosystems are elusive. Nevertheless, as long as a consistent set of criteria is used to define communities and ecosystems, their numbers and distribution can be measured ..."

Resources related to biodiversity or conservation as an issue or a topic of debate belong primarily in the relevant subcategory of Society/Issues/Environment.

Related: (very comprehensive guide) Where should I submit my website about animals? Or, where will I find the animal topic I am looking for?

Topics include climate change (or global warming), atmospheric C02, stratospheric ozone, desertification, and change indicators.
Acid deposition includes acid rain and other acidic precipiation, but also dry deposition of acidic compounds.
Jupiter is the 5th planet out from the sun and is the largest planet in the solar system. Sites in this category deal with this planet, its magnetic field, and its system of rings and moons.
Mars is the 4th planet out from the sun. Sites in this category deal with this planet, and its moons.
A meteor is an event, not just an object. It happens when small pebble (a meteoroid) enters our atmosphere and burns up. Any pieces that reach the ground are called meteorites. Meteoroids are distinguished from asteroids by being too small to cause much damage at ground level, if they were to hit the Earth.
This category is for sites about children's hospitals, that is hospitals which treat only children.
The noble gases are the elements in group 18 of the periodic table, that is: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon.
A Meteorite is a fragment of rock (often with a very high metallic content) that has its origins in outer space.
In the context of this "Air Dispersion Modeling" category, air dispersion models may be defined as computerized mathematical calculations for predicting the dispersion behavior of air pollutants emitted into the atmosphere. The many types of air dispersion models include those for modeling: the continuous emission of buoyant pollutant plumes; the non-continuous accidental releases of either buoyant or heavier-than-air (i.e., dense gas) pollutants; puff emissions; point-source emissions; area-source or line-source emissions; mobile transportation-source emissions; fire and smoke emission models; etc. Air quality models for urban airsheds are probably best placed in the "Air Quality" category rather than in this "Air Dispersion" category. Sources for air dispersion modeling information include governmental agencies, research institutes, university faculty and post-graduate students, environmental consultants, industrial dispersion modeling practitioners, and pollution meteorologists.
This category lists sites especially for astronomical observatories with x-ray capabilities.
Physiology is concerned with the functioning of plants. This is largely interactions between plants and their environments. As such plant physiology bridges the gap between biochemistry and ecology.
Websites about the climate phenomena El Niño and La Niña, including ENSO in general and related topics. El Niño and La Niña are disruptions of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific having important consequences for weather around the globe. La Niña is characterized by unusually cold ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific, compared to El Niño, which is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific. ENSO is the generic term for these phenomena. (source: NOAA - text slightly adapted)
Neutrinos are some of the most dificult to observe elementary particles. They interact only weakly. Most of them escape without detection, only a tiny fraction of them can be seen. There are three kinds of neutrinos: electron neutrino, muon neutrino and tau neutrino. Neutrinos can oscillate i.e. they can change their identity in flight and transform from one kind of neutrino into another kind of neutrino. Sources of observed neutrinos include: nuclear reactors, accelerator beams, radioactive sources, secondary particles created by interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere, Sun, supernovae. Other possible soruces are: dark matter, gamma ray bursts, active galactic nuclei, relic neutrinos, Earth interior.